ISSN: 2147-0367
Est. 2012
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Matilda Effect Series
The Matilda Effect describes the systematic under-recognition of women’s contributions to science and scholarship, whereby their work is attributed to male colleagues or quietly absorbed into the record without credit. Since 2021 intWOJDE has published a continuing series of studies that recover the work of women whose contributions to open, distance and online learning have been overlooked or credited to others.
The articles below are gathered here from across the archive and are listed from the most recent. All are freely available under the CC BY 4.0 licence, with no registration and no fee.
The series remains open. intWOJDE is preparing a special issue devoted entirely to this theme — Mitigating the Matilda Effect in Open and Distance Learning: Recovering the Contributions of Women, Volume 15, Issue 1–2 (2026). See the Call for Papers; the submission deadline is 15 November 2026.
Articles in the Series
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Jennifer (Jenny) Glennie: A Reconceptualization of Distance as a Multidimensional Construct
Susan BAINBRIDGE, Nadia NAWRIN | Canada
Article page in preparation
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Beatriz Fainholc: Triple E Model Framework
Laura COCO, Susan BAINBRIDGE | Canada
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Arlene M. C. Young: Celebrating Her Pioneering Influence in Counselling and Social Justice in Distance Education
Lyndsay JOHNSON, Norine WARK | Canada
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Erin M. Keough: Collective Practice for a Common Good in Open and Distance Education
Peggy Lynn MACISAAC, Susan BAINBRIDGE | Canada
The Encyclopedia of Female Pioneers in Online Learning (by S. Bainbridge & N. Wark)Book Review
Reviewed by Peggy Lynn MacISAAC
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Gila Kurtz: A Journey in Exploring Progressive, Pragmatic, and Promising Solutions for Online Learners
Nandana PRASAD, Norine WARK | Canada
A Journey in Pursuit of the Brass Tacks: Ada Lovelace and Susan Herring, Computer Science Visionaries
Michelle KULYK, Susan BAINBRIDGE | Canada
Li Chen: Intersectionality Between the Matilda Effect and Anglo-Dominated Knowledge Production
Jen PORTER, Norine WARK | Canada
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Charlotte (Lani) Nirmalani Gunawardena: Bridging the Distance in Learning Environments
Carolyn ANDERSON | Canada
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Elizabeth Burge: Light a Fire, Don’t Curse the Dark
Bonnie MARLOW, Susan BAINBRIDGE, Norine WARK | Canada
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Christine Von Prümmer: A (Re-)illumination of Her Extraordinary Work
Hilary SCHMIDT, Susan BAINBRIDGE, Norine WARK | Canada
Mitigating the Matilda Effect on Starr Roxanne Hiltz: A Superlative Early Online Learning Researcher
Hilary SCHMIDT, Susan BAINBRIDGE, Norine WARK | Canada
Related reading: the series grew out of The Encyclopedia of Female Pioneers of Online Learning by Dr. Susan Bainbridge and Dr. Norine Wark. A recording of their presentation is linked from our News & Events page.
International Women Online Journal of Distance Education
CC BY
Licensed under CC Attribution 4.0 International.
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